Oil stains on crane parts are mainly formed by unsaponifiable oil, dust, impurities, etc. Unsaponifiable oil cannot work with strong alkali, such as various mineral oils and lubricating oils, which are insoluble in water, but soluble in organic solvents. There are chemical and electrochemical methods to remove such oil stain; Common cleaning solutions are organic solvents, alkaline solutions and chemical cleaning solutions; There are two cleaning methods: manual cleaning and mechanical cleaning.
Three kinds of cleaning liquid organic solvents. Common ones are kerosene, light diesel oil, gasoline, acetone, alcohol and trichloroethylene. In this way, all kinds of grease can be dissolved. The utility model has the advantages of no heating, simple use, no damage to metal and good cleaning effect. The disadvantage is that most of them are flammable, high cost, suitable for precision parts and parts that are not suitable for cleaning with hot alkali solution, such as plastic, nylon, cowhide, felt parts, etc. However, it should be noted that the rubber parts cannot be cleaned with organic solvent.
Alkaline solution. Alkaline solution is an aqueous solution of alkali or alkaline salt, which uses the emulsification of emulsifier to remove oil from unsaponifiable oil. It is a widely used decontamination cleaning solution.
Emulsification is that one kind of liquid forms tiny particles and distributes evenly in another kind of liquid. Adding an emulsifier to the alkaline solution to form an emulsion can reduce the surface tension and adhesion of the oil film, so that the oil film will not return to the metal surface after breaking into tiny oil drops to remove oil stains. Common emulsifiers include soap, water glass (sodium silicate), bone glue, gum, triethanolamine, synthetic detergent, etc. It should be noted that different cleaning fluids should be used to clean parts with different materials. Alkaline solution can corrode metals to varying degrees, especially aluminum.
When cleaning with alkaline solution, it is generally necessary to heat the solution to 80~90 ℃. After degreasing, wash with hot water to remove the residual lye on the surface to prevent corrosion of parts.
Chemical cleaning fluid. It is an aqueous solution prepared with a chemically synthesized water-based metal cleaning agent. The metal cleaning agent is mainly composed of surfactant, which has a strong decontamination ability. In addition, there are some auxiliary agents in the cleaning agent, which can improve or increase the comprehensive performance of metal cleaning agent, such as anti-corrosion, rust prevention, and carbon removal. The principle is that the cleaning solution prepared with the cleaning agent first wets the part surface, and then penetrates into the contact interface between the dirt and the part to make the dirt fall off and disperse from the part surface, or dissolve in the cleaning solution, or form emulsion and suspension on the part surface to achieve the purpose of cleaning the part.
Common cleaning agents for chemical cleaning solutions include LCX-52 water-based metal cleaner, CW metal cleaner, JSH metal cleaner, D-3 metal cleaner, DJ-04 metal cleaner, NJ-841 cleaner, 817-C oil cleaner, CJC-8 liquid metal cleaner.
The above Huai'an vehicles Crane rental The preparation method, concentration, cleaning temperature and heating measures of cleaning agent must strictly comply with the requirements of its instructions. The temperature shall be strictly controlled during manual cleaning, and the brush and wiping cloth can be used for cleaning. If there is serious oil stain or carbon deposit, it can be brushed with a wire brush. Soak for a certain time before cleaning to meet the needs of wetting and soaking. Cleaning can be divided into rough cleaning and fine cleaning. If the cleaning solution after cleaning is not seriously greasy, the floating greasy dirt on the upper layer can be skimmed and reused.
Five cleaning methods scrub. Put the parts into the container containing diesel oil, kerosene or other cleaning fluids, and scrub them with cotton yarn or brush them with a brush. This method is simple in operation, simple in equipment, but low in efficiency. It is suitable for single small batch of small parts. Generally, gasoline should not be used because it is fat soluble, which will damage human health and easily cause fire.
Boil and wash. Put the prepared solution and the parts to be cleaned together into a cleaning pool with appropriate size welded by steel plate, heat it to 80~90 ℃ with a stove under the pool, and boil it for 3~5min.
Spray cleaning. Spray the cleaning fluid with certain pressure and temperature onto the surface of parts to remove oil stains. This method has good cleaning effect and high production efficiency, but the equipment is complex, which is suitable for cleaning parts with less complex shape and serious oil stain on the surface.
Vibration cleaning. Put the parts to be cleaned on the cleaning basket or rack of the vibration cleaner and immerse them in the cleaning solution. The vibration generated by the cleaner simulates the manual rinsing action and the chemical action of the cleaning solution to remove oil stains.
Ultrasonic cleaning. The oil stain can be removed by the chemical action of the cleaning solution and the ultrasonic vibration introduced into the cleaning solution.
